Oaxaca-Villa B., Casas A., Valiente-Banuet A., Reproductive biology in wild and silvicultural managed populations of Escontria chiotilla (Cactaceae) in the Tehuacán Valley, Central Mexico, Genetic Resources and Crop Evolution, 2006, 53(2):277-287, doi: 10.1007/s10722-004-6147-4
The study compares flowering, animal visits and controlled pollination in wild and managed Escontria chiotilla populations in the Tehuacán Valley. It documents diurnal anthesis and self-incompatibility. Overlapping flowering and visits by insects and hummingbirds contacting reproductive organs support the possibility of pollen flow between the studied populations.